Dénominations

• Nom botanique :

  Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore
  
  

• Synonymes

  :
  
  Crassocephalum crepidioides var. lutea Steen, Crassocephalum crepidioides f. luteum (Steen.) Belcher, Gynura crepidioides Benth, Gynura diversifolia Sch.Bip. ex Asch, Gynura microcephala Vatke, Gynura polycephala Benth, Senecio crepidioides (Benth.)
  
  

• Noms anglais et locaux

  :
  
  Thickhead, Okinawan spinach ;
  
  

Classification

• classique :
  
  
  • Règne : Plantae ;
  • Sous-règne : Tracheobionta ;
  • Division : Magnoliophyta ;
  • Classe : Magnoliopsida ;
  • Sous-classe : Asteridae ;
  • Ordre : Asterales ;
  • Famille : Asteraceae ;
  • Genre : Crassocephalum ;
  
  
  
• phylogénétique :
  
  
  • Clade 4 : Angiospermes ;
  • Clade 3 : Dicotylédones vraies ;
  • Clade 2 : Astéridées ;
  • Clade 1 : Campanulidées ;
  • Ordre APN: Asterales ;
  • Famille APN : Asteraceae ;
  
  
  
  
  Arbre phylogénétique des plantes, montrant les principaux clades et les groupes traditionnels.
  
  Les groupes monophylétiques sont en noir et les paraphylétiques sont en bleu.
  
  
  Par Maulucioni (travail personnel), CC BY-SA 4.0,
  via Wikimedia Commons
  
  
• 

Description et culture

• dont infos de "FOOD PLANTS INTERNATIONAL" :
  
  

  • Description

    :
    
    Une herbe. Plante annuelle dressée d'environ 1 m de haut. La tige est épaisse et douce. Les feuilles sont alternes et mesurent 16 à 18 cm de long. Les feuilles ont des lobes et des dents sur le pourtour. Parfois, les jeunes feuilles ont un bord violet. Les feuilles tombent souvent. Une fleur est jaune et rougeâtre, et se développe au sommet, se penchant d'abord, puis se redressant. Les têtes de graines pelucheuses se développent après la floraison. Le fruit est brun foncé, avec de longs poils soyeux à la fin. Les graines soufflent dans le vent^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
    
    Original : A herb. An upright, annual plant about 1 m tall. The stem is thick and soft. The leaves are alternate and 16-18 cm long. The leaves have lobes, and have teeth around the edge. Sometimes the young leaves have a purple edge. The leaves often droop. A flower is yellow and reddish, and develops at the top, bending over at first, then becoming upright. Fluffy seed heads develop after flowering. The fruit is dark brown, with long, silky hairs at the end. The seeds blow in the wind^{{{0(+x).
    
    

  • Production

    :
    
    La première récolte de feuilles peut être effectuée en 6-7 semaines. Il peut y avoir 5 à 9 récoltes sur une période de 60 jours. Les graines peuvent être récoltées pour le semis environ 16 semaines après le semis^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
    
    Original : The first leaf harvest can be made in 6-7 weeks. There can be 5-9 harvests over a 60 day period. Seed can be collected for sowing about 16 weeks after sowing^{{{0(+x).
    
    

  • Culture

    :
    
    Il pousse à partir de graines. C'est auto-semé. Les semis apparaissent au bout de 9 jours environ et peuvent être repiqués à une hauteur de 8 à 12 cm. Un espacement de 25 cm sur 25 cm convient. Les plantes sont surmontées à 20 cm de hauteur pour augmenter la ramification. Pour récolter les graines, le paquet entier est tiré du récipient d'une main, et les poils enlevés de l'autre main, sans les laisser se mélanger à la graine^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
    
    Original : It grows from seed. It is self sown. Seedlings appear in about 9 days and can be transplanted when 8-12 cm high. A spacing of 25 cm by 25 cm is suitable. Plants are topped when 20 cm high to increase branching. To collect seed, the entire bundle is pulled from the receptacle with one hand, and the hairs removed with the other hand, without letting them mix with the seed^{{{0(+x).
    
    

Consommation

Parties comestibles

Détails

Partie testée

Risques et précautions à prendre

Autres infos

• Statut

  :
  
  C'est un légume cultivé commercialement. Il est utilisé comme légume sauvage et cultivé en Australie, au Vietnam et en Afrique de l'Ouest. Les feuilles sont vendues sur les marchés locaux^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
  
  Original : It is a commercially cultivated vegetable. It is used as a wild and cultivated vegetable in Australia, Vietnam, and West Africa. Leaves are sold in local markets^{{{0(+x).
  
  

• Distribution

  :
  
  Une plante tropicale. Une mauvaise herbe commune en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée du niveau de la mer à plus de 2500 m. Il est plus fréquent dans les zones humides et dans les jardins. Il pousse également dans de nombreux autres pays tropicaux. Il préfère l'ombre claire. Chez ECHO. Au Yunnan. Au Sichuan^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
  
  Original : A tropical plant. A common weed in Papua New Guinea from sea level to over 2500 m. It is more common in wet areas and in garden sites. It also grows in many other tropical countries. It prefers light shade. At ECHO. In Yunnan. In Sichuan^{{{0(+x).
  
  

• Localisation

  :
  
  Afrique, Samoa américaines, Angola, Asie, Australie, Bénin, Brésil, Cambodge, Cameroun, Afrique centrale, République centrafricaine, RCA, Amérique centrale, Chine, RD Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, République dominicaine, Afrique de l'Est, Est Timor, Eswatini, Éthiopie, Fidji, FSM, Gabon, Gambie, Ghana, Guinée, Guinée, Guinée-Bissau, Hawaï, Himalaya, Inde, Indochine, Côte d'Ivoire, Japon, Kenya, Laos, Libéria, Madagascar, Malawi, Marquises , Maurice, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigéria, Île Norfolk, Amérique du Nord, Inde du Nord-Est, Pacifique, Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, PNG, Philippines, Pohnpei, Samoa, Sao Tomé et Principe, Asie du Sud-Est, Sénégal, Sierra Leone, Afrique du Sud, Afrique australe, Sri Lanka, Soudan, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzanie, Tibet, Timor-Leste, Thaïlande, Tonga, Ouganda, USA, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Afrique de l'Ouest, Antilles, Zambie, Zimbabwe^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
  
  Original : Africa, American Samoa, Angola, Asia, Australia, Benin, Brazil, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, Central America, China, Congo DR, Côte d'Ivoire, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, FSM, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Hawaii, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Laos, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Marquesas, Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Norfolk Island, North America, Northeastern India, Pacific, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Philippines, Pohnpei, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, SE Asia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Southern Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tibet, Timor-Leste, Thailand, Tonga, Uganda, USA, Vanuatu, Vietnam, West Africa, West Indies, Zambia, Zimbabwe^{{{0(+x).
  
  

• Notes

  :
  
  Il existe environ 25 à 30 espèces de Crassocephalum. C. crepidioides contient l'alcaloïde pyrrolizidine hépatotoxique et tumorigène, la jacobine^{{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique)}.
  
  Original : There are about 25-30 Crassocephalum species. C. crepidioides contains the hepatotoxic and tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloid, jacobine^{{{0(+x).
  
  

Liens, sources et/ou références

• Sources et/ou références :

  5"Plants For A Future" (en anglais) ;
  
  dont livres et bases de données : 0"Food Plants International" (en anglais) ;
  
  dont biographie/références de "FOOD PLANTS INTERNATIONAL" :
  
  Abbiw, D.K., 1990, Useful Plants of Ghana. West African uses of wild and cultivated plants. Intermediate Technology Publications and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. p 41 ; Achigan-Dako, E, et al (Eds), 2009, Catalogue of Traditional Vegetables in Benin. International Foundation for Science. ; Agea, J. G., et al 2011, Wild and Semi-wild Food Plants of Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom of Uganda: etc. Environmental Research Journal 5(2) 74-86 ; Altschul, S.V.R., 1973, Drugs and Foods from Little-known Plants. Notes in Harvard University Herbaria. Harvard Univ. Press. Massachusetts. no. 5028 ; Ambasta, S.P. (Ed.), 2000, The Useful Plants of India. CSIR India. p 253 (As Gynura crepidioides) ; Borrell, O.W., 1989, An Annotated Checklist of the Flora of Kairiru Island, New Guinea. Marcellin College, Victoria Australia. p 63 ; Burkill, H. M., 1985, The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1. Kew. ; Chen, B. & Qiu, Z., Consumer's Attitudes towards Edible Wild Plants, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. p 23 www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfr/aip/872413.pdf ; Cooper, W. and Cooper, W., 2004, Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Nokomis Editions, Victoria, Australia. p 80 ; Cowie, I, 2006, A Survey of Flora and vegetation of the proposed Jaco-Tutuala-Lore National Park. Timor-Lests (East Timor) www.territorystories.nt/gov.au p 43 ; Dalziel, J. M., 1937, The Useful plants of west tropical Africa. Crown Agents for the Colonies London. ; Delang, C. O., 2007, Ecological Succession of Usable Plants in an Eleven-Year Fallow Cycle in North Lao P.D.R., Ethnobotany Research and Applications. Vol. 5:331-350 ; Denton, O.A., 2004. Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S.Moore. [Internet] Record from Protabase. Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa), Wageningen, Netherlands. < http://database.prota.org/search.htm>. Accessed 15 October 2009. ; Eiadthong, W., et al, 2010, Management of the Emerald Triangle Protected Forests Complex. Botanical Consultant Technical Report. p 47 ; Epenhuijsen C.W. van., 1974, Growing Native vegetables in Nigeria. FAO Rome, p 60 ; Ethnobotany of Karen in Khun Tuen Noi Chiang Mai. http://khuntuennoi.myspecies ; Facciola, S., 1998, Cornucopia 2: a Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, p 37 ; Flora of Australia Volume 49, Oceanic Islands 1, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra. (1994) p 397 ; Fowler, D. G., 2007, Zambian Plants: Their Vernacular Names and Uses. Kew. p 76 ; Franklin, J., Keppel, G., & Whistler, W., 2008, The vegetation and flora of Lakeba, Nayau and Aiwa Islands, Central Lau Group, Fiji. Micronesica 40(1/2): 169–225, 2008 ; French, B.R., 1986, Food Plants of Papua New Guinea, A Compendium. Asia Pacific Science Foundation p 337 ; Fu, Yongneng, et al, 2003, Relocating Plants from Swidden Fallows to Gardens in Southwestern China. Economic Botany, 57(3): 389-402 ; Ghorbani, A., et al, 2012, A comparison of the wild food plant use knowledge of ethnic minorities in Naban River Watershed Nature Reserve, Yunnan, SW China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine; 8:17 ; Godfrey, J. et al, 2013, Harvesting, preparationand preservation of commonly consumed wild and semi-wild food plants in Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom, Uganda. Int. J. Med. Arom. Plants. Vol.3 No.2 pp 262-282 ; Goode, P., 1989, Edible Plants of Uganda. FAO p 39 ; Grivetti, L. E., 1980, Agricultural development: present and potential role of edible wild plants. Part 2: Sub-Saharan Africa, Report to the Department of State Agency for International Development. p 42 ; Grubben, G. J. H. and Denton, O. A. (eds), 2004, Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA, Wageningen, Netherlands. p 226 ; Henty, E.E., & Pritchard, G.S., 1973, Weeds of New Guinea and their control. Botany Bulletin No 7, Division of Botany, Lae, PNG. p 70 ; Hoare, A., 2003, Food use of the Lundayeh SW Sabah. Borneo Research Council. ; Hu, Shiu-ying, 2005, Food Plants of China. The Chinese University Press. p 726 ; Jackes, B.R., 2001, Plants of the Tropics. Rainforest to Heath. An Identification Guide. James Cook University. p 43 ; Jacquat, C., 1990, Plants from the Markets of Thailand. D.K. Book House p 90 ; Jardin, C., 1970, List of Foods Used In Africa, FAO Nutrition Information Document Series No 2.p 70 ; J. Bot. 50:211. 1912 ; Kays, S. J., and Dias, J. C. S., 1995, Common Names of Commercially Cultivated Vegetables of the World in 15 languages. Economic Botany, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 115-152 ; Kuo, W. H. J., (Ed.) Taiwan's Ethnobotanical Database (1900-2000), http://tk.agron.ntu.edu.tw/ethnobot/DB1.htm ; Latham, P., 2004, Useful Plants of Bas-Congo province. Salvation Army & DFID p 257 ; Lazarides, M. & Hince, B., 1993, Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia, CSIRO. p 66 ; Liu, Yi-tao, & Long, Chun-Lin, 2002, Studies on Edible Flowers Consumed by Ethnic Groups in Yunnan. Acta Botanica Yunnanica. 24(1):41-56 ; Long, C., 2005, Swaziland's Flora - siSwati names and Uses http://www.sntc.org.sz/flora/ ; Low, T., 1991, Wild Herbs of Australia and New Zealand. Angus & Robertson. p 94 (Drawing) ; Low, T., 1992, Bush Tucker. Australiaâ's Wild Food Harvest. Angus & Robertson. p 155 ; Lungphi, P., Wangpan, T. & Tangjang, S., 2018, Wild edible plants and their additional uses by the Tangsa community living in the Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Pleione 12(2): 151 - 164. 2018. ; Manvell, A., 2011, Use of Non-Timber Forest Products around Sapo National Park, Liberia (Report B) p 19 ; Martin, F.W. & Ruberte, R.M., 1979, Edible Leaves of the Tropics. Antillian College Press, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. p 184 ; Medhi, P. & Borthakur, S. K., 2012, Phytoresources from North Cachur Hills of Assam -3: Edible plants sold at Hflong market. Indian Journal or Natural Products and Resources. 3(1) pp 84-109 ; Medhi, P. & Borthakur, S. K., 2013, Wild edible plants sold by the Zeme Nagas at the makeshift market of Mahur, Dima Hasao district of Assam. Pleione 7(1): 84 - 93. 2013 ; Medhi, P., Sarma, A and Borthakur, S. K., 2014, Wild edible plants from the Dima Hasao district of Assam, India. Pleione 8(1): 133-148 ; Menisa, A. A., et al, 2012, Survey and characterization of Indigenous Food Plants in Ilocos Norte, Philippines. SEARCA Discussion Paper series No. 2011-2 ; Mot So Rau Dai an Duoc O Vietnam. Wild edible Vegetables. Ha Noi 1994, p 80 ; Murtem, G. & Chaudhrey, P., 2016, An ethnobotanical note on wild edible plants of Upper Eastern Himalaya, India. Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences, 2016, v. 3, no. 5, p. 63-81 ; Namsa, et al, 2011, Ethnobotany of the Monpa ethnic group ay Arunachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 7:31 (As Gynura crepidioides) ; Ng, X. N., et al, 2012, Nutritional profile and antioxidative properties of selected tropical vegetables. International Food Research Journal 19(4): 1487-1496 ; Ogle, B. M., et al, 2003, Food, Feed or Medicine: The Multiple Functions of Edible Wild Plants in Vietnam. Economic Botany 57(1): 103-117 (As Gynura crepioides) ; Okigbo, B.N., Vegetables in Tropical Africa, in Opena, R.T. & Kyomo, M.L., 1990, Vegetable Research and development in SADCC countries. Asian Vegetable Research and development Centre. Taiwan. p 38 ; Peters, C. R., O'Brien, E. M., and Drummond, R.B., 1992, Edible Wild plants of Sub-saharan Africa. Kew. p 89 ; Phawa, G. M., Dkhar, E. K. & Marbaniang, D., 2019, Indigenous Wild Edible Plants of Bataw Village, East Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya. 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Communication 54e Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, p 41 ; Tomimori, K., et al, 2012, Antitumor activity and macrophage nitric acid producing action of medicinal herb, Crassocephalum crepidioides. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 12:78 ; Tsering, J., et al, 2017, Ethnobotanical appraisal on wild edible plants used by the Monpa community of Arunchal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. Vol 16(4), October 2017, pp 626-637 ; Van Sam, H. et al, 2008, Uses and Conservation of Plant Species in a National Park. A case study of Ben En, Vietnam. Economic Botany 62:574-593 (As Gynura crepidioides) ; Wang, J. et al, 2013, A Study on the Utilization of Wild Plants for Food in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Plant Diversity and Resources. 35(4): 416-471 ; Whitney, C. W., et al, 2014, Conservation and Ethnobotanical Knowledge of a Hmong Community in Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao Peopleâ's Democratic Republic. Ethnobotany Research and Applications 12:643-658 ; Xu, You-Kai, et al, 2004, Wild Vegetable Resources and Market Survey in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. Economic Botany. 58(4): 647-667. ; Zon, A.P.M. van der, Grubben, G.J.H., 1976, Les legumes-feuilles spontanes et cultives du Sud-Dahomey, Communication 65, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, p 54
  
  

• Recherche de/pour :

  
  
  
  • "Crassocephalum crepidioides" sur Google (pages et images) ; INPI (en anglais) ; TROPICOS (en anglais) ; Tela Botanica ; Pl@ntNet ; Pl@ntUse ;
    
  
  
  
  

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